Gurko T.A. (2023) The Dynamics of Life Activity and Factors of Teenagers Well-being. Mir Rossii, vol. 32, no 4, pp. 119–137 (in Russian). DOI: 10.17323 ...

Т екст статьи на сайте журнала URL: https://mirros.hse.ru/article/view/17748 (дата обращения 15.09.2023)

Abstract

The notion of children's well-being differs significantly in different disciplines, historical, socio-cultural contexts and involves different research approaches and measurement methods. Theoretically, the well-being of teenagers can be viewed both from the point of view of their future adult life and their current state. The scientific problem is the knowledge about the subjective psychological distress of a certain proportion of adolescents and the lack of data on the factors of their subjective psychological distress. Based on the data of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey–HSE University (RLMS-HSE) and studies of teenagers in Moscow in 1994, 2010 and 2022, the dynamics of the following indicators of the life activity of teenagers aged 14-16 years is described: academic performance, foreign language proficiency, Internet and computer use, sports, health, smoking and alcohol consumption. It is shown that since the beginning of the 2000s, the quality of life of teenagers has been improving according to the analyzed indicators and the proportion of those satisfied with life has increased. According to the Moscow sample, it has become more teenagers with an internal locus of control, a high indicator of altruism and financially secure. The source of teenagers' anxiety is primarily family problems. The study of the psychological well-being of teenagers is relevant from both the point of view of their quality of life, propensity to self-destructive behavior, and influence on others. Subjective psychological well-being is operationalized in the context of hedonistic and eudemonistic approaches. The well-being indicator is based on three variables: life satisfaction, self-esteem and locus of control. The well-being indicator is based on three variables: life satisfaction, self-esteem and locus of control. It is shown that the material and housing level of families according to teenagers is more significant from the point of view of their well-being than the family structure. The psychological well-being of adolescents is statistically significantly associated with such family factors as the absence of physical punishment in childhood, trust and equality in communication with parents, with a positive attitude towards mother and father, as well as with regular contacts with a father who does not live in the household. Such empirically confirmed patterns, banal at first glance, once again testify to the importance of parent education and teaching their skills in dealing with teenagers. Based on a comparison of the results for two samples, the HSE, 2021 and Moscow, 2022, it was concluded that from the point of view of subjective wellbeing, their attitude to religion, church/mosque attendance and satisfaction of material situation is significant for young men, and for young women - satisfaction with situation and self-assessment of health.