Makeeva S.B. The History of Formation of the System of Regional and Country Studies in China (19th‒21st centuries). Vostok (Oriens). 2021. No. 1. Pp. 186–198. DOI: 10.31857 ...

Òåêñò ñòàòüè íà ñàéòå æóðíàëà URL: https://arxiv.gaugn.ru/s086919080013477-1-1/ (äàòà îáðàùåíèÿ 11.03.2021)

Abstract

The country-wide knowledge system that was formed in China throughout the 20th century had a theoretical and methodological foundation laid down by the traditional historical and geographical direction of Chinese studies, as well as the economic and geographical area of scientific knowledge of China. In Chinese society there was a practical need to use the results of country studies in the formation of China’s domestic and foreign policy, and from the middle of the 20th century the practice of establishing research institutes specializing in the study of other countries and regions began to be implemented. In the future, the number of these scientific departments increased due to the implementation of the policy of “reform and openness” and the orientation of Chinese society to borrowithe historical experience of foreign countries in building mechanisms of the market economy. Country-based knowledge system in China until 1970‒1980s relied on the use of descriptive-analytical, statistical-descriptive research methods, but in the 1990s in connection with the borrowing of Western European, American, Japanese theories of regional development the Chinese country tradition was supplemented by the experience of conducting complex and interdisciplinary studies. At the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, comprehensive and multidisciplinary approaches to the study of foreign countries and regions are spreading in China. Among the new scientific directions in the study of regional development processes in other countries, such directions as “foreign regional studies”, “international regional studies” and “world regional studies” have gained particular popularity. In the context of the implementation of the strategic tasks set by the Chinese leadership for the socio-economic regional development of the PRC in the coming decades, there is a need to use the regional studies system of knowledge in the process of implementing the domestic and foreign policy of the Chinese state.