Ledeneva, V.Yu. (2020), “Conflict-related factors of migration: the specifics of the Far Eastern Federal District”, Issues of Ehnopolitics, 2020, no. 3, pp. 80–90, DOI:10.28995 ...

Abstract

The article deals with the problems of migration legislation in the sphere of social cultural adaptation and integration of migrants. Social adaptation and integration of migrants is one of the most important tasks in the development of migration processes. However, mechanisms and tools for regulating these processes have not yet been developed. The author, analyzing the current migration problems, including the problems of illegal migration, the formation of ethnic enclaves, notes that, despite the presence of certain legislative acts, one way or another relating to the issues of adaptation, in General, migration legislation is not formed, first of all, this is due to the absence of the basic law on the adaptation of foreign citizens. Among the problems, the author also calls the lack of the necessary infrastructure that allows migrants to adapt and integrate into Russian society. The article analyzes the activities of the main Federal Executive body authorized to implement activities on adaptation and integration of foreign citizens-the Federal Agency for nationalities, the tasks that the Agency is currently implementing, and which have yet to be fulfilled. The best regional practices in the field of adaptation and integration of migrants are shown. Recommendations and proposals for improving migration legislation in the field of adaptation and integration of migrants are given. ..The article analyzes the conflict-generating factors of migration processes in the Far Eastern Federal District, which affect not only changes in the demographic composition of the population, but also form new interethnic relations, which have recently been most often perceived by the local population negatively and acquire a conflict-generating connotation. A feature of the migration processes in the Far Eastern Federal District is the fact that the inflow of migrants occurs against the background of the incessant outflow of the local population of Slavic origin. Such shifts in the structure of the population lead to a deterioration of the socio-economic situation and interethnic conflicts, in which both external migrants and the local population are involved. Formed migration trends require an integrated approach to the regulation of migration, which cannot be provided with only one program for the resettlement of compatriots in the Far Eastern Federal District. Unfortunately, the absence of any other state programs in the field of migration does not exist today, which significantly complicates the already tense situation in the region. Special emphasis in the article is made on the sphere of interethnic relations and social adaptation of migrants. The lack of attention of the regional authorities to solving these problems poses a threat not only to national, but also to the cultural and social security of society. The author offers recommendations on the effectiveness of the policy in the field of interethnic relations and the adaptation of migrants.