Valiakhmetov R. M., Baimurzina G. R., Turakayev M. S. and Samba A. D.-B. Etnosotsialnye osobennosti zaniatosti naseleniia v respublikakh Tuva i Bashkortostan [Ethnic and Social Features of Employment in the Republics of Tuva and Bashkortostan]. New Research of Tuva, 2021, no. 4, pp. 206-222 (In Russ.). DOI: https: ...

Òåêñò ñòàòüè/âûïóñêà íà ñàéòå æóðíàëà URL: https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/issue/view/52/61(äàòà îáðàùåíèÿ 09.12.2021)

Abstract

The article deals with a comparative analysis of the features of employment in two republics of the Russian Federation — Bashkortostan and Tuva. They differ from each other in the structure of the economies, the pace of modernization, human potential, and the ethnic composition of the population. Nevertheless, they both are republics with titular ethnic groups, and they have overt ethnic and social characteristics of the development. The authors analyze the ethnic and social features of the population’s employment in the republics and of labor mobility, including those revealed in assessments of the residents. The source base of the research comprises statistical data and materials of the authors’ sociological survey “Ethnic Features of Human Potential Development in the Economies of the Republics of the Russian Federation” that was conducted in both republics in 2021. The sample was representative.It has turned out that residents of Tuva estimate their ethnicity comparatively higher than the people of Bashkortostan. The value and significance of ethnicity for inhabitants of Tuva and Bashkortostan decline considerably if they work in precarious employment conditions (casual labor). The value of ethnicity is connected with confidence in the sustainability of one’s position in the labor market. Residents of Tuva who are sure that they will not lose their jobs declare the significance of their nationality more often than respondents from Bashkortostan.In  the  opinion  of  the  respondents  from  the  two  republics,  ethnic  background  affects  the  possibilities  for  expanding  educational strategies, a successful employment, a well-paid job and an opportunity to start and run a small business. According to the respondents, opportunities for career growth and professional development are relatively higher in the Republic of Bashkortostan than in the Republic of Tuva. At the same time, the Bashkirs are less satisfied with their opportunities for development in the labor sphere than representatives of other nationalities of Bashkortostan. The Tuvans are more pleased with their career opportunities than the Russians in the Republic of Tuva, but both the Russians and Tuvans equally assess the prospects for acquiring an education and improving their qualifications.