Chuchkalov A.S., Mishchuk S.N., Grelya N.K. Factors of transformation of suburban rural areas of a depressed region (on the example of the Birobidzhansky district of the Jewish Autonomous Region). Peasant Studies. 2021. Vol. 6. No. 4. Pp. 136-163.

Текст статьи на сайте журнала URL: https://peasantstudies.ru/ru/rus/zhurnal/2021-6-4/faktory-transformatsii-prigorodnoj-selskoj-mestnosti-depressivnogo-regiona-na-primere-birobidzhanskogo-rajona-evrejskoj-avtonomnoj-oblasti (дата обращения 09.02.2022)

Abstract

Based on the results of field research, an analysis was made of the post-Soviet transformations of the territorial organization of the suburban rural areas of the depressed Far Eastern region (the territory of the study is the Birofeld and Valdgeim rural settlements of the Birobidzhansky district of the Jewish Autonomous Region). The transformation of the countryside was considered from the point of view of the impact of multidirectional factors, divided into external (framework) and internal (local, characteristic of a particular rural society). A characteristic is given of the influence on the countryside of such external factors as urbanization, a change in the specialization of agriculture, a change in the administrative-territorial and municipal structure, optimization of the provision of social services, the dynamics of the state of infrastructure in rural areas and external institutional conditions for development. When considering the internal (local) factors of transformation, differences in the social structure of migrants from Birobidzhan to the suburban countryside were revealed. Changes in the structure of the rural population by areas of employment and by predominant sources of income as a result of the impact of a combination of factors are described. Some transformations of the way of life of the rural population are characterized. Based on the assessment of the degree of influence of factors on the depopulation of rural settlements of various types, separate management measures were proposed. In general, it was concluded that the Birobidzhansky district is a rare example for Russia of an agricultural territory that is suburban in relation to the regional center, the rural area of ​​which is characterized by a reduction in the number of functions performed.