Ryazantsev S.V., Khramova M.N., Molodikova I.N. Russian-speaking economy in Hungary and Austria: structure and functioning. Nauchnoe obozrenie. Seriya 2. Gumanitarnye nauki [Scientific Review. Series 2. Human Sciences]. 2022. Nо. 1-2. Р. 21-36 . DOI: 10.26653 ...

Abstract

The article analyzes the features of the functioning of the Russian-speaking economy in two countries of the European Union — Hungary and Austria. The study is based on data from national statistical offices, Eurostat data, an analysis of online job sites, as well as on the basis of surveys con-ducted during 2020-2021 with representatives of Russian-speaking communities living in these coun-tries. It is shown that in both countries at present the main channels for the formation of Russian-speaking communities are labor migration, marriage migration, family reunification and educational migration. The Russian-speaking economy in Austria includes a chain of Russian grocery stores, small hotels, hairdressers. In the period before the pandemic, Russian-speaking guides were in demand. Doctors and lawyers with knowledge of the Russian language are also focused on the Russian-speaking population of Austria. The Russian-speaking economy is mainly represented in Vienna and a number of large Austrian cities — tourism centers. In Hungary, the Russian-speaking economy also relies primarily on consumers of Russian goods and services. The Russian-speaking segment of the Hungarian economy is developing due to the demand for the country among Russian tourists, tourists from other countries of the post-Soviet space, where the proportion of the population that speaks Rus-sian is large. Russian-speaking employees are also involved in international companies that have their offices in Hungary.