Eremicheva G.V., Menshikova G.A., Puyang Yao Environmental Policy of China and Russia: first steps towards the formation of anti-risk national behavior. St. Petersburg Sociology Today. 2023. N. 20. P. 28-44. DOI: 10.25990 ...

Текст статьи на сайте журнала URL: https://www.pitersociology.ru/ru/node/879 (дата обращения 06.12.2023)

Abstract

Environmental problems around the world often turn out to be technogenic and social challenges, and their solutions acquire a planetary scope and require a global theoretical and methodological approach that takes into account objective natural changes and the risks of each country in this process. Among the countries where these problems are extremely acute are Russia and China, as evidenced by the positions of both ones in international ratings. Purpose. comparison of the directions implemented by these countries in the field of environmental policy. The main task is to maintain a balance of interests of all its subjects and develop anti-risk national behavior in most countries of the world. Methodology. As a methodological basis for analyzing the achievements of Chinese and Russian environmental policy, the theory of environmental modernization is used, which allows to evaluate systematically innovations that determine the social component in each country, designating the main as change in the consciousness of each person. Results. The analysis showed that both countries are on the transition to a qualitatively new stage: the transformation of consumer behavior into a responsible one that meets the requirements of world environmental policy. But they have not yet been able to achieve the indicators of international ratings of developed countries. Although, on the whole, in terms of natural indicators, Russia's place is slightly higher than China's, but in all cases, it is below the average level. Conclusions. Environmental concerns have become part of national policies in both countries, as evidenced by noticeable positive developments in environmental performance. However, the observed passivity of public control predetermines the lack of success in both countries, preventing their governments from fully realizing their potential. The severity of the problem urgently requires the inclusion of government agencies, enterprises, charitable organizations and each of us. Keywords: environmental problems, new production tasks, management practices, environmental ratings.