Nogovitsin O.N. (2024).The Simultaneity of the Relatives: Aristotle, Neo-Platonic Commenters and George Gemistos Plethon. Platonic Investigations. Vol. 20. No. 1. Pp. 219–247. DOI 10.25985 ...

Текст статьи на сайте журнала URL: http://pinvestigations.ru/stable/8AED4BF5-4ED8-42D6-9DFB-988AD46E8F3E (дата обращения 25.10.2024)

Abstract

In “Categories” Aristotle affirms the simultaneity of existence of the Relatives as an indispensable feature of their being, declaring that they are simultaneous by nature while adducing two exceptions, namely, the correlatedness of cognition and cognized, as well as of sensuously perceived and sensory perception. The physical and metaphysical grounding of the reason, wherein the priority of cognized over cognition and of sensuously perceived over sensory perception in the order of causal relationship, is given by him in Chapter 2 of Book III of the treatise “On the Soul” and at the end of Chapter 5 of Book IV of “Metaphysics.” In his treatise “De differentiis” Plethon proposes a detailed criticism of the mentioned exceptions and sphere of activity of the principle of the simultaneity of the Relatives. In the present paper, we consider the mode and the order of interpreting the argumentation of Aristotle in the commentaries of Ammonius of Alexandria, John Philoponus, Simplicius, Asclepius and some other Neo-Platonists of late Antiquity. We also focus on the specificity of platonic criticism which Plethon applies to the very possibility of exceptions from the principle of the simultaneity of the Relatives. In targeting the Neo-Platonic logic of convergence of Plato and Aristotle, he extremely accentuates the contradictions between platonic and peripatetic conceptions of the order of the being.