Uvarov S.N., Chernysheva N.V. Migration of Udmurts from the Udmurt ASSR to Kazakhstan in the 1960s. Journal of Frontier Studies. 2024. Vol. 9. No 3 (35). Pp. 245-262.

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Abstract

The article is devoted to the migration of Udmurts from the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic to the Kazakh SSR in the 1960s. from the perspective of the frontier concept. The Udmurts are one of the Finno-Ugric peoples, who are also quite large. For a long time, the Udmurts lived relatively compactly, located mainly on the territory of several subjects. The largest part was in Udmurtia, where even in 1959 76.2% of all Udmurts of the Union lived. However, already in 1970 the share had dropped to 68.7%, which was undoubtedly caused by migration. One of the main flows of migrants went to the Kazakh SSR, where virgin lands were actively being developed during this period. If in 1939 there were 1576 Udmurts living in Kazakhstan, in 1959 – 3891, then in 1970 – 15739, in 1979 – 15460, 1989 – 15855, in 1999 – already 9095. That is, obviously, such an increase from 1959 to 1970 gg. was provided by migration. Purpose of the study: to consider the migration of Udmurts from the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic to Kazakhstan in the 1960s. The sources of the research were mainly statistical materials: population censuses and current accounting materials. The first showed the dynamics of the population, its distribution by nationality, gender, type of settlement, place of birth. The second, which should include materials of mechanical movement (Form 1 “Movement of the population for ... year”), gave an idea of the size and direction of flows, although without identifying nationality. Since 1960, mechanical movement materials began to be compiled also for rural areas, which makes it possible to obtain and use more complete information about migrations. Office documentation was also used.