Bocharov V.Y., Gavrilyuk V.V., Gil’tman M.A. The Current Position of Young People of the «New Working Class» in the Labor Market of the Ural Federal Okrug. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia, 2018. Issue 4(210), pp. 42−53.

Abstract

The Object of the Study. Youth of the «new working class». The Subject of the Study. Employment of young people of the «new working class» in the labour market. The Purpose of the Study. Basing on the analysis of statistical databases of youth employment of the UrFO’s «new working class» to show the specifics of the situation and the main problems of employment of that social group in the labour market. The Main Provisions of the Article. The article contains the analysis of the young people’s employment of the Ural Federal Okrug on the basis of data from monitoring surveys of microfarms related to employment, conducted by the Higher School of Economics together with the Rosstat. The peculiarity of this analysis is the first attempt to show the situation in the regional labor market not in the whole social group (youth), but only in a certain part of it, based on the concept of the «new working class». Under this concept we mean a group of employees engaged in all areas of material production and services whose work is routinized, divided into standardized segments, amenable to an algorithmization and a quantitative regulation of the results and who are not involved into the management and have no ownership rights in the system they work in. The analysis of youth statistics of the new working class in the Ural Federal Okrug was carried out in three age groups (15- 19 years - employment needed, 20-24 - combining study and work, and 25-29 – a transition between study-work) in two periods – 2010 (an economic recovery after the crisis of 2008-2009) and 2015 (the beginning of the economic recession). The article shows the differences between the youth employment in 2010 and 2015 in the Ural Federal Okrug, taking into account the area of residence of respondents (city/village) by age and gender groups. The paper considers the prevalence of informal and flexible employment as well as the level of education among economically active and inactive youth. Two trends in the economic behaviour of young people in the labour market are identified: first, in due course preferences of educational trajectories towards longer ones, with a higher level of education are formed. Second, young people enter the labour market later. The special features of the employment of young people in the «new working class» also include the high involvement in informal employment of the youngest groups of workers. That is connected with low wages, worse and dangerous working conditions, an exception from the legal terrain of labor relations’ regulation.