Mukhachev, V.V. (2020). Umet' byt' marksistom (k 150-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya tovarishha LENINA) [To be able to be Marxist (On the occasion of the 150th birthday of comrade LENIN)]. Scientific Journal “Discourse-P”, 1(38), 10–20. doi: 10.24411 ...

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Abstract

The article draws attention to the epistemological importance of Lenin's characterization of the follower of the teachings of Marx and Engels, the German socialist F. Mehring, as “a person who not only wants to, but also knows how to be a Marxist”. In this connection, the attitude to Marxism of Lenin himself is analyzed, for which he was always the “teaching of Marx” and his long-time friend and like-minded Engels. At the same time, the illegitimacy of an expansive interpretation of Marxism is revealed when, between the teachings of Marx and Engels as an object of knowledge and its reflection in the consciousness of other individuals, a distinction is made between the subjective and the objective, epistemological, which leads to the appearance of imaginary “Marxisms” in the literature. The position of Engels and Lenin is upheld, that the essence of Marx’s teachings lies in the method of cognition he created – materialistic dialectics, which allows, taking into account empirically existing reality, to study both the phenomena of nature and society, and the process of their cognition by people. It is shown that, using materialist dialectics, Lenin gave a very accurate analysis of the possibility of socialist development of Soviet Russia and that it was precisely the inability of the USSR leadership to follow the “Marxist method” that in theory led to the appearance of pseudo-Marxist “MarxismLeninism”, and in practice to voluntarism that ended, end to end, the death of this country.