Lukyanets A.S., Manshin R.V. Factors in the Formation of Human Capital in the Far East Regions. Nauchnoe obozrenie. Seriya 1. Jekonomika i parvо[Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law]. 2020. Nо. 5. Р. 5-17. DOI: 10.26653 ...

Abstract

The article examines the main factors in the formation of human capital in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District. The article discusses in detail the main indicators that form the integral human development index, developed by the specialists of the United Nations Development Program. The key characteristics of socio-economic processes were identified, an analysis of the most important economic indicators of the studied subjects of the Russian Federation was given. It was found that one of the most important components of human capital is the social and economic stability of society. In the regions of the Far East, on the whole, an unfavorable socio-economic situation has developed, which directly affects human capital. It was found that, despite the higher level of income compared to the average for Russia, the real incomes of residents, adjusted for the cost of living in the considered re-gions, turned out to be lower than in Russia. An important factor in the development of human capital is the life expectancy of the population, which in the regions of the Far East is below the national average and does not reach the planned targets set by the Concept of the Demographic Policy of the Far East for the period up to 2025. It has been established that the main contribution is made by external causes of death in the male working-age population in the most sparsely populated regions, characterized by a low level of development of medical infrastructure and its availability. Another factor in the development of human capital is the level of education of the population. The development of this factor in the Far East repeats the all-Russian trajectory, maintaining the tendency to reduce the number of educational institutions at all levels, an increase in the number of students in programs of primary secondary and complete education is recorded. The persistence of such trends, together with changes in the age struc-ture of the population, can negativelyaffect the development of human capital in the regions of the Far East.