Dezhina I.G., Klicharev G.A. Russian Concepts of International Scientific-Technological Cooperation: changing drivers of development. Sociology of science & Technology, 2020, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 51-64.

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Abstract

This article analyzes the new Concept of International Scientific and Technological Cooperation (MNTS) approved by the government in 2019 and its differences from the previous Concept of 2000. The article traces the evolution of goals, meanings, and the changing drivers addressed in the Concepts. The authors argue that, during the last twenty years, Russia has made a transition from the goals of scientific-technological development through integration into global networks and equal cooperation to a policy aimed at world leadership. The leadership is interpreted not as much as progress in science and technology but as participation in defining the international agenda in these areas. The goal of internal scientific-technological development is still there, but the emphasis has shifted to the sphere of public science, leaving innovation without proper attention. Geopolitical conditions influenced the decline of attention to the innovative component. Particularly over the last five years, foreign investments to high-tech sector have decreased, while the policy ofimport-substitution remains a priority. Thus, the strengthening driver of foreign policy is a response to objective difficulties, associated with the development of science and technology in the country. In particular, the Concept of 2019 does not address intra-country regional issues, and the scientifictechnological complex is considered as a generalized whole. In the final section, it is shown that the metaphors and ambiguities of a number of key definitions mentioned in the Concept of 2019 create difficulties in its implementation and in communication among participants of the “triple helix” of innovative development — state, science, and business.